Lawrence a



(No Model.)

L. A. HARPER.

GHURN.

No. 445,272. Patented Jan. 27, 1891.

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'UNiTEn STATES PATENT OEEicE.

LAVRENLE A. HARPER, OE RUSSELLVILLE, KENTUCKY, ASSIGNOR TO JOI-IN MILLER, OF SAME rPLACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 445,272, dated January 27', 1891.

Application filed October 7, 1890.

To a/Z/ /I'w/ll, 1'/ nmj/ concern:

Be it known that I, LAWRENCE A. HARPER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Russellville, in the county of Logan and State of Kentucky, have invented a new and useful Churn, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates toan imliiroveme'nt in churns, the construction of which is such as to Io give to it ease and convenience of operation; and it consists of certain features of novelty to be hereinafter described, and then pointed ont in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, `Figure l is I5 a perspective view of my improved churn. Fig. 2 is a vertical "longitudinal section. Fig. is a vertical transverse section on the line a; af, Fig. i.

l is a suitable base from which extends a pair of standards or uprights 2, braced to the base by braces 4. .Iournaled in said uprights at about midway of their lengths is t-he shaft 4, from one end of which eXten ds downwardly a pendent rod 5, provided at its lower end with a weight 6, adjustable vertically thereon by means of a set-screw 7, said rod and weight constituting a pendulum. Extending upwardly from the shaft e, in line with the rod 5, isa crank S, having a handle 9.

is a rocking lever curved upwardly at its center, Where it is connected to the rocleshaft 4a, and curved upwardly at its outer end, where it is bii'urcated to provide paired eyes or forks 11..

12 is the oblong churn-body, provided on each side midway of its length with trunnions 13., which are received by the vertical slots 14 at the upper ends of the uprights 2, and on said trunnions between the uprights and the churn-body are perforated disks or washers 14n to take up wear. The trunnions act a lateral support to the churn-body, but do not constitute its perpendicular support.

The perpendicular support of the churn body consists of a pair of U-shaped stirrups l5, one on each side of the trunnions, the upper ends of said stirrups being pivoted on studs or pins 16 projecting from the sides of the churn-body in line with the trunnions. Intermediate of the lower ends of the pivoted Serial No. 367,315. (No model.)

stir-rups are eyes 17, that are received between the eyes 11 of the rocking lever, the stirrups and the rocking lever being pivot-ally con* nected by means of cott-cr-keys or other suitable pivots 18 passing through said eyes at 55 cach end of the lever. By means of these stir rups,one at each side ot` the trunnions, the weight of the churn-body is taken off of the trunnions7 whereby the churn-body is balanced away from its axis, its weightbeing dis- 6c tributed to said stirrups.

The sides 19 of the churn-body are connected by tierods 2O outside of the bottom 21 and the ends 22, said bottom and the ends being set in as shown, and similar tie-rods conneet the tops ot' the sides. The top 23 is provided with an opening 24, and the upper portions of the sides are provided with rabbet grooves 25, upon which rest. the removable doors or closures E26, said doors or closures 7o being provided with suit-able knobs or handles 27, whereby they may be removed. The inner edges of the top pieces of the top at the ends of its opening are provided with undercut grooves 2S, below which and extending 75 from side to side of the body are cleats 29, said grooves receiving the outer edges of the Y doors. The ends of the doors are strengthened by cleats or braces 30, the doors being formed with lips 3l, extending around them except-ing 8o at their meeting edges. At one end of the churn is a suitable delivery-spout 32.

It will be seen that a churn in which the body is balanced as above set forth may be easily and conveniently operated. By adjust- 8 5 ing the weight G upon the pendulum-rod 5 its force may be adj usted to the quantity ot' cream in the churn.

1. In a churn, the combination of the stand` 9o ards, the churirbody arranged between the standards and engaging the same, the rockshaft provided with oppositely extending arms, and the stirrups connecting the arms and the churnbody and supporting the latter, substantially as described.

2. In a churn, the combination of the standards provided with slots, the churn-body pro= vided with projections or journals engaging the slots, the rock-shaft having oppositely-exroo tending arms, and the stirrups conn eating the arms and the churn-body and supporting the latter, substantially as described.

3. In a churn, the combination of the standards provided with slots, the churn-body arranged between the standards and provided Wit-h projections engaging the slots, the rockshaft having oppositely-extending arms, and the U-shaped stirru ps centrally pivoted to said arms and having their ends connected to and supporting' the churn-body, substantially as described.

4:. In a churn, the combination of the standards provided with slots, the churn-body having journals engaging the slots, the rook-shaft having oppositely-projeeting arms, the stirrups connecting the arms and the churn-body and supporting the latter, and the pendulum or operating bar secured to one end of the rocksliaft and provided atits upper end with a handle and provided at its lower end with an adj ustahle weight, substantially as described.

5. In a churn, the combination of the body provided with trunnions at each Side, standards or upright-s provided with slots receiving said truunions, stirrups pivoted at each side ot said trunnions,a rock-shaft journaled in l said standards, a rocking lever carried by the IAVRENCE A. HARPER.

' fitnessesz J No. G. ORNDORFF, MINOR lNIoRToN. 

